Articles in Refereed Journals
Baker, S. & MacIntyre, P. D. (2000). The role of gender and immersion in communication and second language orientations. Language Learning, 50, 311-341.
Barre, D. E, Mizier-Barre, E., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2011). Socioeconomic factors and their relation to eating habits in two communities in Nova Scotia, Canada. Journal of Hunger and Environmental Nutrition, 6, 497-505.
Clément, R., Baker, S. C., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2003). Willingness to communicate in a second language: The effects of context, norms and vitality. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 22, 190-209.
Coffin, R. & MacIntyre, P. D.(1999). Motivational influences on computer-related affective states. Computers in Human Behavior, 15, 549-569.
Covin, R., Donovan, L. & MacIntyre, P. D. (2003). The relationship between self-esteem and performance when information regarding others' performance is available. Journal of Social Psychology, 143, 541-544.
Donovan, L. A. & MacIntyre, P. D. (2005). Age and sex differences in willingness to communicate, communication apprehension, and self-perceived competence. Communication Research Reports, 21, 420-427.
Gardner, R. C. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1991). An instrumental motivation in language study: Who says it isn't effective. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 13, 57-72.
Gardner, R. C. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1992). A student's contribution to Second Language Learning: Part I, Cognitive Factors. Language Teaching, 25, 211-220.
Gardner, R. C. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1993). A student's contribution to Second Language Learning: Part II, Affective Factors. Language Teaching, 26, 1-11.
Gardner. R.C. & MacIntyre. P.D. (1993). On the measurement of affective variables in second language learning. Language Learning, 43, 157-194.
Gardner, R. C., Day, B., & MacIntyre, P. D. (1992). Integrative motivation, induced anxiety, and language learning in a controlled environment. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 14, 197-214.
Gardner, R. C., MacIntyre, P. D., & Lalonde, R. N. (1995). The effects of multiple social categories on stereotyping. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 27, 466-483.
Gardner, R. C., MacIntyre, P. D., and Lysynchuk, L. M. (1990). The affective dimension in programme evaluation. Language, Culture, and Curriculum, 3, 39-64.
MacDonald, J. D. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1999). A rose is a rose: Effects of label change, education, and sex on attitudes toward mental disabilities. Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 6, 15-31.
Macdonald, S. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1997). The generic job satisfaction scale: Scale development and its correlates. Employee Assistance Quarterly, 13(2), 1-16.
Macdonald, S., Mann, R., Chipman, M., Pakula, B., Erickson, P., Hathaway, A., and MacIntyre, P. D. (2008). Driving behaviour under the influence of cannabis or cocaine. Traffic Injury Prevention, 9, 190-194.
MacInnis, C., Mackinnon, S., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2010). The illusion of transparency and normative beliefs about anxiety during public speaking. Current Research in Social Psychology, 15, 42-52.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Charos, C. (1996). Personality, attitudes, and affect as predictors of second language communication. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 15, 3-26.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Donovan, L. A. (2004). Desire for control and communication-related personality variables. Psychological Reports, 94, 581-582.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Doucette, J. (2010). Willingness to communicate and action control. System, 38, 161-171.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gardner, R. C. (1989). Anxiety and second-language learning: Toward a theoretical clarification. Language Learning, 39, 251-275.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gardner, R. C. (1991). Investigating language class anxiety using the focused essay technique. Modern Language Journal, 75, 296-304.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gardner, R. C. (1991). Language anxiety: Its relation to other anxieties and to processing in native and second languages. Language Learning, 41, 513-534.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gardner, R. C. (1991). Methods and results in the study of anxiety in language learning: A review of the literature. Language Learning, 41, 85-117.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gardner, R. C. (1994). The effects of induced anxiety on cognitive processing in computerised vocabulary learning. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 16, 1-17.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gardner, R. C. (1994). The subtle effects of language anxiety on cognitive processing in the second language. Language Learning, 44, 283-305.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gregersen, T. (2012). The Positive-Broadening Emotional Power of the Imagination in Language Learning. Invited for a special issue on emotion in the journal Studies of Second Language Learning and Teaching, 2, 193-214.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Legatto, J. J. (2011). A dynamic system approach to willingness to communicate: Developing an idiodynamic method to capture rapidly changing affect. Applied Linguistics, 32, 149-171.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Noels, K. A. (1996). Using psychosocial variables to predict the use of language learning strategies. Foreign Language Annals, 29, 373-386.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Thivierge, K. (1995). The effects of audience pleasantness, audience familiarity, and speaking context on public speaking anxiety and willingness to speak. Communication Quarterly, 43, 456-466.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Thivierge, K. (1995). The effects of speaker personality on anticipated reactions to public speaking. Communication Research Reports, 12, 125 - 133.
MacIntyre, P. D. (1990). Issues and recommendations in the use of factor analysis. Western Journal of Graduate Research, 2, 59-73.
MacIntyre, P. D. (1994). Toward a social psychological model of strategy use. Foreign Language Annals, 27, 185-195.
MacIntyre, P. D. (1994). Variables underlying willingness to communicate: A causal analysis. Communication Research Reports, 11, 135-142.
MacIntyre, P. D. (1995). How does anxiety affect second language learning?: A reply to Sparks and Ganschow. Modern Language Journal, 79, 1-32.
MacIntyre, P. D. (1995). On seeing the forest and the trees: A rejoinder to Sparks and Ganschow. Modern Language Journal, 79, 245-248.
MacIntyre, P. D. (2007). Willingness to communicate in the second language: Understanding the decision to speak as a volitional process. Modern Language Journal, 91, 564-576.
MacIntyre, P. D. (2012). Currents and Waves: Examining willingness to communicate on multiple timescales. Contact, 38(2), 12 - 22.
MacIntyre, P. D. (2012). The idiodynamic method: A closer look at the dynamics of communication traits. Communication Research Reports, 29, 361-367.
MacIntyre, P. D. and Noels, K. A. (1994). The Good Language Learner: A retrospective review. System, 22, 269-280.
MacIntyre, P. D., & Blackie, R. (2012). Action control, motivated strategies, and integrative motivation as predictors of language learning affect and the intention to continue learning French. System, 40, 533-543.
MacIntyre, P. D., & MacDonald, J. R. (1998). Public speaking anxiety: Perceived competence and audience congeniality. Communication Education, 47, 359-365.
MacIntyre, P. D., Babin, P. A., & Clément, R. (1999). Willingness to communicate: Antecedents and consequences. Communication Quarterly, 47, 215-229.
MacIntyre, P. D., Baker, S., Clément, R. & Conrod, S. (2001). Willingness to Communicate, Social Support and Language Learning Orientations of Immersion Students. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 23, 369-388.
MacIntyre, P. D., Baker, S., Clément, R. & Donovan, L. (2002). Sex and age effects on willingness to communicate, anxiety, perceived competence, and L2 motivation among junior high school French immersion students. Language Learning, 52, 537-564.
MacIntyre, P. D., Baker, S., Clément, R. & Donovan, L. A. (2003). Talking in order to learn: Willingness to communicate and intensive language programs. Canadian Modern Language Review, 59, 589-607.
MacIntyre, P. D., Burns, C., Jessome, A. (2011). Ambivalence about communicating in a second language: A qualitative study of French immersion students’ willingness to communicate. Modern Language Journal, 95, 81 - 96.
MacIntyre, P. D., Clément, R., Dörnyei, Z., & Noels, K. A. (1998). Conceptualizing willingness to communicate in a L2: A situational model of L2 confidence and affiliation. Modern Language Journal, 82, 545-562.
NOTE: This paper, nominated by the editorial board of the Modern Language Journal, was awarded the K. W. Mildenberger Prize for distinguished publication in the field of language education by the Modern Language Association.
MacIntyre, P. D., Noels, K. A. & Moore, B. (2009). Perspectives on Motivation in Second Language Acquisition: Lessons from the Ryoanji Garden. Second Language Research Forum Conference Proceedings, 1 – 9, Sommerville, MA: Cascadilla.
MacIntyre, P. D., Noels, K. A., & Clément, R. (1997). Biases in self-ratings of second language proficiency: The role of language anxiety. Language Learning, 47, 265-287.
MacIntyre, P. D., Potter, G. K., & Burns, J. (2012). The socio-educational model of music motivation. Journal of Research in Music Education, 60, 129-144.
MacIntyre, P. D., Thivierge, K. & MacDonald, J. R. (1997). The effects of audience interest, responsiveness, and evaluation on public speaking anxiety and related variables. Communication Research Reports, 14, 157-168.
MacIntyre, V. A., MacIntyre, P. D., & Carre, G. (2010). Heart rate variability as a predictor of speaking anxiety. Communication Research Reports, 27, 286-297.
MacIntyre. P. D., Potter. G. K. (2013). Music motivation and the effect of writing music: A comparison of pianists and guitarists. Psychology of Music, 1–17.
MacKinnon, S. P., Hall, S. & MacIntyre, P. D. (2007). Origins of the stuttering stereotype: Stereotype formation through anchoring-adjustment. Journal of Fluency Disorders 32, 297-309.
MacMaster, K., Donovan, L. A., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2002). The Effects of Being Diagnosed with a Learning Disability on Children's Self-Esteem. Child Studies Journal, 52, 101-108.
MacNeil, E. & MacIntyre, P. D. (2006). It’s about time: Sex differences in estimating time for shopping in five contexts. Advances in Consumer Research, 34, 412-414.
Robertson, J., Gallivan, J. & MacIntyre, P. D. (2004). Sex differences in antecedents of animal use attitudes. Antrhozoos, 17, 306-319.
Schnare, B., MacIntyre, P. D., & Doucette, J. (2012). Possible selves as a source of motivation for musicians. Psychology of Music, 40, 94-111.
Wall, J. M., Covell, K. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1999). Implications of social supports for adolescents’ education and career aspirations. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 31, 63-71.
Barre, D. E, Mizier-Barre, E., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2011). Socioeconomic factors and their relation to eating habits in two communities in Nova Scotia, Canada. Journal of Hunger and Environmental Nutrition, 6, 497-505.
Clément, R., Baker, S. C., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2003). Willingness to communicate in a second language: The effects of context, norms and vitality. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 22, 190-209.
Coffin, R. & MacIntyre, P. D.(1999). Motivational influences on computer-related affective states. Computers in Human Behavior, 15, 549-569.
Covin, R., Donovan, L. & MacIntyre, P. D. (2003). The relationship between self-esteem and performance when information regarding others' performance is available. Journal of Social Psychology, 143, 541-544.
Donovan, L. A. & MacIntyre, P. D. (2005). Age and sex differences in willingness to communicate, communication apprehension, and self-perceived competence. Communication Research Reports, 21, 420-427.
Gardner, R. C. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1991). An instrumental motivation in language study: Who says it isn't effective. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 13, 57-72.
Gardner, R. C. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1992). A student's contribution to Second Language Learning: Part I, Cognitive Factors. Language Teaching, 25, 211-220.
Gardner, R. C. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1993). A student's contribution to Second Language Learning: Part II, Affective Factors. Language Teaching, 26, 1-11.
Gardner. R.C. & MacIntyre. P.D. (1993). On the measurement of affective variables in second language learning. Language Learning, 43, 157-194.
Gardner, R. C., Day, B., & MacIntyre, P. D. (1992). Integrative motivation, induced anxiety, and language learning in a controlled environment. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 14, 197-214.
Gardner, R. C., MacIntyre, P. D., & Lalonde, R. N. (1995). The effects of multiple social categories on stereotyping. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 27, 466-483.
Gardner, R. C., MacIntyre, P. D., and Lysynchuk, L. M. (1990). The affective dimension in programme evaluation. Language, Culture, and Curriculum, 3, 39-64.
MacDonald, J. D. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1999). A rose is a rose: Effects of label change, education, and sex on attitudes toward mental disabilities. Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 6, 15-31.
Macdonald, S. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1997). The generic job satisfaction scale: Scale development and its correlates. Employee Assistance Quarterly, 13(2), 1-16.
Macdonald, S., Mann, R., Chipman, M., Pakula, B., Erickson, P., Hathaway, A., and MacIntyre, P. D. (2008). Driving behaviour under the influence of cannabis or cocaine. Traffic Injury Prevention, 9, 190-194.
MacInnis, C., Mackinnon, S., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2010). The illusion of transparency and normative beliefs about anxiety during public speaking. Current Research in Social Psychology, 15, 42-52.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Charos, C. (1996). Personality, attitudes, and affect as predictors of second language communication. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 15, 3-26.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Donovan, L. A. (2004). Desire for control and communication-related personality variables. Psychological Reports, 94, 581-582.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Doucette, J. (2010). Willingness to communicate and action control. System, 38, 161-171.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gardner, R. C. (1989). Anxiety and second-language learning: Toward a theoretical clarification. Language Learning, 39, 251-275.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gardner, R. C. (1991). Investigating language class anxiety using the focused essay technique. Modern Language Journal, 75, 296-304.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gardner, R. C. (1991). Language anxiety: Its relation to other anxieties and to processing in native and second languages. Language Learning, 41, 513-534.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gardner, R. C. (1991). Methods and results in the study of anxiety in language learning: A review of the literature. Language Learning, 41, 85-117.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gardner, R. C. (1994). The effects of induced anxiety on cognitive processing in computerised vocabulary learning. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 16, 1-17.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gardner, R. C. (1994). The subtle effects of language anxiety on cognitive processing in the second language. Language Learning, 44, 283-305.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Gregersen, T. (2012). The Positive-Broadening Emotional Power of the Imagination in Language Learning. Invited for a special issue on emotion in the journal Studies of Second Language Learning and Teaching, 2, 193-214.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Legatto, J. J. (2011). A dynamic system approach to willingness to communicate: Developing an idiodynamic method to capture rapidly changing affect. Applied Linguistics, 32, 149-171.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Noels, K. A. (1996). Using psychosocial variables to predict the use of language learning strategies. Foreign Language Annals, 29, 373-386.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Thivierge, K. (1995). The effects of audience pleasantness, audience familiarity, and speaking context on public speaking anxiety and willingness to speak. Communication Quarterly, 43, 456-466.
MacIntyre, P. D. & Thivierge, K. (1995). The effects of speaker personality on anticipated reactions to public speaking. Communication Research Reports, 12, 125 - 133.
MacIntyre, P. D. (1990). Issues and recommendations in the use of factor analysis. Western Journal of Graduate Research, 2, 59-73.
MacIntyre, P. D. (1994). Toward a social psychological model of strategy use. Foreign Language Annals, 27, 185-195.
MacIntyre, P. D. (1994). Variables underlying willingness to communicate: A causal analysis. Communication Research Reports, 11, 135-142.
MacIntyre, P. D. (1995). How does anxiety affect second language learning?: A reply to Sparks and Ganschow. Modern Language Journal, 79, 1-32.
MacIntyre, P. D. (1995). On seeing the forest and the trees: A rejoinder to Sparks and Ganschow. Modern Language Journal, 79, 245-248.
MacIntyre, P. D. (2007). Willingness to communicate in the second language: Understanding the decision to speak as a volitional process. Modern Language Journal, 91, 564-576.
MacIntyre, P. D. (2012). Currents and Waves: Examining willingness to communicate on multiple timescales. Contact, 38(2), 12 - 22.
MacIntyre, P. D. (2012). The idiodynamic method: A closer look at the dynamics of communication traits. Communication Research Reports, 29, 361-367.
MacIntyre, P. D. and Noels, K. A. (1994). The Good Language Learner: A retrospective review. System, 22, 269-280.
MacIntyre, P. D., & Blackie, R. (2012). Action control, motivated strategies, and integrative motivation as predictors of language learning affect and the intention to continue learning French. System, 40, 533-543.
MacIntyre, P. D., & MacDonald, J. R. (1998). Public speaking anxiety: Perceived competence and audience congeniality. Communication Education, 47, 359-365.
MacIntyre, P. D., Babin, P. A., & Clément, R. (1999). Willingness to communicate: Antecedents and consequences. Communication Quarterly, 47, 215-229.
MacIntyre, P. D., Baker, S., Clément, R. & Conrod, S. (2001). Willingness to Communicate, Social Support and Language Learning Orientations of Immersion Students. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 23, 369-388.
MacIntyre, P. D., Baker, S., Clément, R. & Donovan, L. (2002). Sex and age effects on willingness to communicate, anxiety, perceived competence, and L2 motivation among junior high school French immersion students. Language Learning, 52, 537-564.
MacIntyre, P. D., Baker, S., Clément, R. & Donovan, L. A. (2003). Talking in order to learn: Willingness to communicate and intensive language programs. Canadian Modern Language Review, 59, 589-607.
MacIntyre, P. D., Burns, C., Jessome, A. (2011). Ambivalence about communicating in a second language: A qualitative study of French immersion students’ willingness to communicate. Modern Language Journal, 95, 81 - 96.
MacIntyre, P. D., Clément, R., Dörnyei, Z., & Noels, K. A. (1998). Conceptualizing willingness to communicate in a L2: A situational model of L2 confidence and affiliation. Modern Language Journal, 82, 545-562.
NOTE: This paper, nominated by the editorial board of the Modern Language Journal, was awarded the K. W. Mildenberger Prize for distinguished publication in the field of language education by the Modern Language Association.
MacIntyre, P. D., Noels, K. A. & Moore, B. (2009). Perspectives on Motivation in Second Language Acquisition: Lessons from the Ryoanji Garden. Second Language Research Forum Conference Proceedings, 1 – 9, Sommerville, MA: Cascadilla.
MacIntyre, P. D., Noels, K. A., & Clément, R. (1997). Biases in self-ratings of second language proficiency: The role of language anxiety. Language Learning, 47, 265-287.
MacIntyre, P. D., Potter, G. K., & Burns, J. (2012). The socio-educational model of music motivation. Journal of Research in Music Education, 60, 129-144.
MacIntyre, P. D., Thivierge, K. & MacDonald, J. R. (1997). The effects of audience interest, responsiveness, and evaluation on public speaking anxiety and related variables. Communication Research Reports, 14, 157-168.
MacIntyre, V. A., MacIntyre, P. D., & Carre, G. (2010). Heart rate variability as a predictor of speaking anxiety. Communication Research Reports, 27, 286-297.
MacIntyre. P. D., Potter. G. K. (2013). Music motivation and the effect of writing music: A comparison of pianists and guitarists. Psychology of Music, 1–17.
MacKinnon, S. P., Hall, S. & MacIntyre, P. D. (2007). Origins of the stuttering stereotype: Stereotype formation through anchoring-adjustment. Journal of Fluency Disorders 32, 297-309.
MacMaster, K., Donovan, L. A., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2002). The Effects of Being Diagnosed with a Learning Disability on Children's Self-Esteem. Child Studies Journal, 52, 101-108.
MacNeil, E. & MacIntyre, P. D. (2006). It’s about time: Sex differences in estimating time for shopping in five contexts. Advances in Consumer Research, 34, 412-414.
Robertson, J., Gallivan, J. & MacIntyre, P. D. (2004). Sex differences in antecedents of animal use attitudes. Antrhozoos, 17, 306-319.
Schnare, B., MacIntyre, P. D., & Doucette, J. (2012). Possible selves as a source of motivation for musicians. Psychology of Music, 40, 94-111.
Wall, J. M., Covell, K. & MacIntyre, P. D. (1999). Implications of social supports for adolescents’ education and career aspirations. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 31, 63-71.